Information and translations of c-pentabde in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. Contextual translation of "pentabde" into Russian. Human translations with examples: pentabde, cpentabde, 25 ПентаБДЭ, Уровень пентаБДЭ. Flame Retardant Chemicals Market worth $10,340 Million by 2019. Posted on October 21, 2014. The report “Flame Retardant Market by Type (Aluminum Trihydrate, Antimony Oxide, Brominated, Chlorinated, Organphosphorous) and End-User Industry (Building & Construction, Electronics, Wire & Cables, Automotive) – Global Trends & Forecast to 2019” defines and segments the isocyanate market with an pentaBDE/octaBDE • Banned in Europe, effective August 2004 • U.S. production phased out, end of 2004 • Use banned in many states, generally effective in 2006 • No further U.S. manufacture, import or use without TSCA Premanufacture Notification (PMN) • Added to Stockholm POPs treaty – May 2009 Cambridge Isotope Laboratories offers 2,2',4,4',6-PENTABDE (BDE-100) 50 UG/ ML IN NONANE UNLABELED CERTIFIED STANDARD for all your research  8 May 2019 information from importers and manufacturers of pentabromodiphenyl ether ( pentaBDE) or of articles or mixtures containing the substance. Australia publishes draft risk assessment reports for pentaBDE and TBBPA.

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The pentaBDE commercial mixture was primarily used in flame-retarded polyurethane (PUR) foams. The octaBDE commercial mixture was primarily used in  Commercial pentaBDE is a technical mixture of different PBDE congeners, with BDE-47 (2,2',4,4'- tetrabromodiphenyl ether) and BDE-99 (2,2',4,4',5-pentabromodiphenyl ether) as the most abundant. The term pentaBDE alone refers to isomers of pentabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE congener numbers 82-127). Only congeners with more than 1% listed. Pentabromodiphenyl ether (PentaBDE) was administered intragastrically to female rats, in a single dose (25, 200 or 2000 mg/kg b.w.). PentaBDE administered to rats disturbed redox homeostasis, which was manifested by lower total antioxidant status (TAS) in serum and by higher liver glutathione reduced concentration. The toxic effect of PentaBDE PentaBDE mixture can be gradually released from older items made with polyurethane foam and plastics, into indoor environments such as houses, schools, day care centers, and offices.

The commercial pentaBDE consisted mainly of pentaBDE (58%), tetraBDE (25%), and hexaBDE (13%) (Carlson, 1980a). An RfD of 0.002 mg/kg-day was derived, based on a no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of 1.8 mg/kg-day for PentaBDE and octaBDE mixtures were voluntarily withdrawn from the U.S. marketplace by their manufacturers at the end of 2004 and decaBDE was not to be manufactured or imported into the United States after December 31, 2013. Translations in context of "PentaBDE" in English-Italian from Reverso Context: This amendment goes beyond the present proposal to restrict the marketing and use of pentaBDE.

PentaBDE has been used for decades in residential furniture, but due to concerns over their persistence, ability to accumulate in humans, as well as their potential toxicity, the US began a phase-out of pentaBDE in 2005. Novel and High Volume Use Flame Retardants in US Couches Reflective of the 2005 PentaBDE Phase Out Heather M. Stapleton,*,† Smriti Sharma,† Gordon Getzinger,† P. Lee Ferguson,† Michelle Gabriel,§ Thomas F. Webster,‡ and Arlene Blum§ †Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States ‡Department of Environmental Health, Boston University Flame retardant chemicals such as HBCD (hexabromocyclododecane) and pentaBDE (pentabromodiphenyl ether) raise concerns for human health and the environment, including potential reproductive, developmental, and neurological effects and can be persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic to aquatic organisms.

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PentaBDE means pentabromodiphenyl ether or any technical mixture in which a pentabromodiphenyl ether is a congener. means pentabromodiphenyl ether or any technical mixture in which a pentabromodiphenyl ether is a congener. PentaBDE was principally used in foam for cushioning in upholstery. PentaBDE and octaBDE mixtures were voluntarily withdrawn from the U.S. marketplace by their manufacturers at the end of 2004 and decaBDE was not to be manufactured or imported into the United States after December 31, 2013. Until recently, pentabromodiphenyl ether (PentaBDE) was most commonly used as a flame retardant. On account of the hazardous effect of PentaBDE on the environment, its use was discontinued some years ago. The toxicity of this compound has been well documented in the literature, especially with regard to the endocrine system, induction of liver microsomal enzymes, and disturbance of redox Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are used as flame-retardants and have recently been shown to increase in the environment and in human milk.
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The commercial polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) mixture known as PentaBDE was once the primary flame retardant (FR) used in the United States to meet California’s Technical Bulletin 117 (TB117)—a mandated flammability standard for polyurethane foam within upholstered furniture and baby products classified as juvenile furniture (Stapleton et al., 2011; State of California, 2000).
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The applied OECD407 protocol was enhanced for endocrine and immune parameters, and to enable benchmark dose analysis.